一 网络拓扑如上图所示分支属于AS100R1和R2属于AS200总部属于AS300通过BGP Prefre-Value属性实现如下需求分支所有地址访问总部192.168.2.1走分支——R1——总部分支所有地址访问总部192.168.12.1走分支——R2——总部总部所有地址访问分支192.168.1.1走总部——R1——分支总部所有地址访问分支192.168.11.1走总部——R2——分支总结Weight本地生成路由默认 32768学习到的路由默认 0数值越大越优仅设备本地有效不传递给邻居。二 设备配置2.1 FZ-分支设备配置路由策略hostname FZ-R!ip access-list extended 10110 permit ip host 192.168.2.1 any!ip access-list extended 10210 permit ip host 192.168.12.1 any!route-map 10 permit 10match ip address 101set weight 188!route-map 10 permit 20!route-map 20 permit 10match ip address 102set weight 199!route-map 20 permit 20!interface GigabitEthernet 0/0ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0!interface GigabitEthernet 0/1ip address 2.2.2.1 255.255.255.0!interface Loopback 1ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.255!interface Loopback 2ip address 192.168.11.1 255.255.255.255!router bgp 100bgp log-neighbor-changesbgp graceful-restart restart-time 120bgp graceful-restart stalepath-time 360bgp graceful-restartneighbor 1.1.1.2 remote-as 200neighbor 2.2.2.2 remote-as 200address-family ipv4network 192.168.1.1 mask 255.255.255.255network 192.168.11.1 mask 255.255.255.255neighbor 1.1.1.2 activateneighbor 1.1.1.2 route-map 10 inneighbor 2.2.2.2 activateneighbor 2.2.2.2 route-map 20 inexit-address-family!2.2 ZB-总部设备配置路由策略hostname ZB-R!ip access-list extended 10210 permit ip host 192.168.11.1 any!interface GigabitEthernet 0/0ip address 4.4.4.1 255.255.255.0!route-map 10 permit 10match ip address 101set weight 188!route-map 10 permit 20!route-map 20 permit 10match ip address 102set weight 199!route-map 20 permit 20!ip access-list extended 10110 permit ip host 192.168.1.1 any!interface GigabitEthernet 0/1ip address 3.3.3.1 255.255.255.0!interface Loopback 1ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.255!interface Loopback 2ip address 192.168.12.1 255.255.255.255!router bgp 300bgp log-neighbor-changesbgp graceful-restart restart-time 120bgp graceful-restart stalepath-time 360bgp graceful-restartneighbor 3.3.3.2 remote-as 200neighbor 4.4.4.2 remote-as 200address-family ipv4network 192.168.2.1 mask 255.255.255.255network 192.168.12.1 mask 255.255.255.255neighbor 3.3.3.2 activateneighbor 3.3.3.2 route-map 10 inneighbor 4.4.4.2 activateneighbor 4.4.4.2 route-map 20 inexit-address-family!2.3 R1设备配置hostname R1!interface GigabitEthernet 0/0ip address 1.1.1.2 255.255.255.0!interface GigabitEthernet 0/1ip address 3.3.3.2 255.255.255.0!router bgp 200bgp log-neighbor-changesbgp graceful-restart restart-time 120bgp graceful-restart stalepath-time 360bgp graceful-restartneighbor 1.1.1.1 remote-as 100neighbor 3.3.3.1 remote-as 300address-family ipv4neighbor 1.1.1.1 activateneighbor 3.3.3.1 activateexit-address-family!2.4 R2设备配置hostname R2!interface GigabitEthernet 0/0ip address 4.4.4.2 255.255.255.0!interface GigabitEthernet 0/1ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.0!router bgp 200bgp log-neighbor-changesbgp graceful-restart restart-time 120bgp graceful-restart stalepath-time 360bgp graceful-restartneighbor 2.2.2.1 remote-as 100neighbor 4.4.4.1 remote-as 300address-family ipv4neighbor 2.2.2.1 activateneighbor 4.4.4.1 activateexit-address-family!三 业务测试3.1配置路由策略前业务测试-访问路径随机3.1.1分支访问路径查看FZ-R#traceroute 192.168.2.1 source 192.168.1.1 press CtrlC to break Tracing the route to 192.168.2.11 1.1.1.2 3 msec 1 msec 1 msec2 1.1.1.2 1 msec192.168.2.1 3 msec 1 msecFZ-R#FZ-R#traceroute 192.168.2.1 source 192.168.11.1 press CtrlC to break Tracing the route to 192.168.2.11 1.1.1.2 2 msec 1 msec 2 msec2 1.1.1.2 1 msec192.168.2.1 3 msec 1 msecFZ-R#FZ-R#traceroute 192.168.12.1 source 192.168.1.1 press CtrlC to break Tracing the route to 192.168.12.11 1.1.1.2 2 msec 1 msec 1 msec2 192.168.12.1 6 msec 3 msec 5 msecFZ-R#FZ-R#traceroute 192.168.12.1 source 192.168.11.1 press CtrlC to break Tracing the route to 192.168.12.11 1.1.1.2 4 msec 1 msec 6 msec2 192.168.12.1 11 msec 11 msec 10 msecFZ-R#3.1.2总部访问路径查看ZB-R#traceroute 192.168.1.1 source 192.168.2.1 press CtrlC to break Tracing the route to 192.168.1.11 3.3.3.2 3 msec 1 msec 1 msec2 3.3.3.2 1 msec192.168.1.1 6 msec 2 msecZB-R#ZB-R#traceroute 192.168.11.1 source 192.168.2.1 press CtrlC to break Tracing the route to 192.168.11.11 3.3.3.2 1 msec 1 msec 1 msec2 3.3.3.2 1 msec 1 msec192.168.11.1 4 msecZB-R#ZB-R#traceroute 192.168.1.1 source 192.168.12.1 press CtrlC to break Tracing the route to 192.168.1.11 3.3.3.2 2 msec 1 msec 2 msec2 192.168.1.1 4 msec 5 msec 4 msecZB-R#ZB-R#ZB-R#traceroute 192.168.11.1 source 192.168.12.1 press CtrlC to break Tracing the route to 192.168.11.11 3.3.3.2 2 msec 1 msec 1 msec2 3.3.3.2 1 msec 1 msec192.168.11.1 7 msecZB-R#3.2配置路由策略后业务测试-实现功能3.2.1分支访问路径查看FZ-R#traceroute 192.168.2.1 source 192.168.1.1 press CtrlC to break Tracing the route to 192.168.2.11 1.1.1.2 1 msec 1 msec 1 msec2 1.1.1.2 1 msec 1 msec192.168.2.1 5 msecFZ-R#FZ-R#traceroute 192.168.12.1 source 192.168.1.1 press CtrlC to break Tracing the route to 192.168.12.11 2.2.2.2 1 msec 2 msec 1 msec2 2.2.2.2 1 msec 1 msec192.168.12.1 6 msecFZ-R#FZ-R#traceroute 192.168.2.1 source 192.168.11.1 press CtrlC to break Tracing the route to 192.168.2.11 1.1.1.2 1 msec 1 msec 1 msec2 1.1.1.2 1 msec192.168.2.1 3 msec 3 msecFZ-R#FZ-R#traceroute 192.168.12.1 source 192.168.11.1 press CtrlC to break Tracing the route to 192.168.12.11 2.2.2.2 2 msec 1 msec 3 msec2 192.168.12.1 3 msec 2 msec 3 msecFZ-R#3.2.2总部访问路径查看ZB-R#traceroute 192.168.1.1 source 192.168.2.1 press CtrlC to break Tracing the route to 192.168.1.11 3.3.3.2 2 msec 1 msec 1 msec2 3.3.3.2 1 msec 1 msec 1 msec3 192.168.1.1 1 msec 6 msec 3 msecZB-R#ZB-R#traceroute 192.168.11.1 source 192.168.2.1 press CtrlC to break Tracing the route to 192.168.11.11 4.4.4.2 1 msec 1 msec 2 msec2 4.4.4.2 1 msec192.168.11.1 4 msec 1 msecZB-R#ZB-R#traceroute 192.168.1.1 source 192.168.12.1 press CtrlC to break Tracing the route to 192.168.1.11 3.3.3.2 2 msec 1 msec 1 msec2 3.3.3.2 1 msec 1 msec192.168.1.1 3 msecZB-R#ZB-R#traceroute 192.168.11.1 source 192.168.12.1 press CtrlC to break Tracing the route to 192.168.11.11 4.4.4.2 1 msec 1 msec 1 msec2 4.4.4.2 1 msec 1 msec 1 msec3 192.168.11.1 6 msec 2 msec 2 msecZB-R#四 路由查看4.1配置路由策略前路由查看4.1.1分支路由查看FZ-R#show ip route bgpB 192.168.2.1/32 [20/0] via 1.1.1.2, 00:06:51B 192.168.12.1/32 [20/0] via 1.1.1.2, 00:06:51FZ-R#FZ-R#show ip routeCodes:C - Connected, L - Local, S - StaticR - RIP, O - OSPF, B - BGP, I - IS-IS, V - Overflow routeN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2SU - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2IA - Inter area, EV - BGP EVPN, A - Arp to hostLA - Local aggregate route* - candidate defaultGateway of last resort is no setC1.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet 0/0C1.1.1.1/32 is local host.C2.2.2.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet 0/1C2.2.2.1/32 is local host.C192.168.1.1/32 is local host.B 192.168.2.1/32 [20/0] via 1.1.1.2, 00:08:11C192.168.11.1/32 is local host.B 192.168.12.1/32 [20/0] via 1.1.1.2, 00:08:11FZ-R#FZ-R#show bgp allFor address family: IPv4 UnicastBGP table version is 2, local router ID is 192.168.11.1Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, best, i - internal,S Stale, b - backup entry, m - multipath, f Filter, a additional-pathOrigin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incompleteNetwork Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path*192.168.1.1/32 0.0.0.0 0 32768 i*b192.168.2.1/32 2.2.2.2 0 0 200 300 i* 1.1.1.2 0 0 200 300 i*192.168.11.1/32 0.0.0.0 0 32768 i*b192.168.12.1/32 2.2.2.2 0 0 200 300 i* 1.1.1.2 0 0 200 300 iTotal number of prefixes 4FZ-R#注意*为主路由*b为备份路由。4.1.2总部路由查看ZB-R#show ip route bgpB 192.168.1.1/32 [20/0] via 3.3.3.2, 00:13:02B 192.168.11.1/32 [20/0] via 3.3.3.2, 00:13:02ZB-R#ZB-R#show ip routeCodes:C - Connected, L - Local, S - StaticR - RIP, O - OSPF, B - BGP, I - IS-IS, V - Overflow routeN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2SU - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2IA - Inter area, EV - BGP EVPN, A - Arp to hostLA - Local aggregate route* - candidate defaultGateway of last resort is no setC3.3.3.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet 0/1C3.3.3.1/32 is local host.C4.4.4.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet 0/0C4.4.4.1/32 is local host.B 192.168.1.1/32 [20/0] via 3.3.3.2, 00:13:15C192.168.2.1/32 is local host.B 192.168.11.1/32 [20/0] via 3.3.3.2, 00:13:15C192.168.12.1/32 is local host.ZB-R#ZB-R#show bgp allFor address family: IPv4 UnicastBGP table version is 2, local router ID is 192.168.12.1Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, best, i - internal,S Stale, b - backup entry, m - multipath, f Filter, a additional-pathOrigin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incompleteNetwork Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path*b192.168.1.1/32 4.4.4.2 0 0 200 100 i* 3.3.3.2 0 0 200 100 i*192.168.2.1/32 0.0.0.0 0 32768 i*b192.168.11.1/32 4.4.4.2 0 0 200 100 i* 3.3.3.2 0 0 200 100 i*192.168.12.1/32 0.0.0.0 0 32768 iTotal number of prefixes 4ZB-R#注意*为主路由*b为备份路由。4.2配置路由策略后路由查看4.2.1分支路由查看FZ-R#show ip rou bgpB 192.168.2.1/32 [20/0] via 1.1.1.2, 00:14:27B 192.168.12.1/32 [20/0] via 2.2.2.2, 00:14:12FZ-R#FZ-R#FZ-R#show ip routeCodes:C - Connected, L - Local, S - StaticR - RIP, O - OSPF, B - BGP, I - IS-IS, V - Overflow routeN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2SU - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2IA - Inter area, EV - BGP EVPN, A - Arp to hostLA - Local aggregate route* - candidate defaultGateway of last resort is no setC1.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet 0/0C1.1.1.1/32 is local host.C2.2.2.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet 0/1C2.2.2.1/32 is local host.C192.168.1.1/32 is local host.B 192.168.2.1/32 [20/0] via 1.1.1.2, 00:14:32C192.168.11.1/32 is local host.B 192.168.12.1/32 [20/0] via 2.2.2.2, 00:14:17FZ-R#FZ-R#show bgp allFor address family: IPv4 UnicastBGP table version is 4, local router ID is 192.168.11.1Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, best, i - internal,S Stale, b - backup entry, m - multipath, f Filter, a additional-pathOrigin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incompleteNetwork Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path*192.168.1.1/32 0.0.0.0 0 32768 i*b192.168.2.1/32 2.2.2.2 0 0 200 300 i* 1.1.1.2 0 188 200 300 i*192.168.11.1/32 0.0.0.0 0 32768 i* 192.168.12.1/32 2.2.2.2 0 199 200 300 i*b 1.1.1.2 0 0 200 300 iTotal number of prefixes 4FZ-R#注意*为主路由*b为备份路由。4.2.2总部路由查看ZB-R#show ip route bgpB 192.168.1.1/32 [20/0] via 3.3.3.2, 00:17:10B 192.168.11.1/32 [20/0] via 4.4.4.2, 00:18:01ZB-R#show ip routeCodes:C - Connected, L - Local, S - StaticR - RIP, O - OSPF, B - BGP, I - IS-IS, V - Overflow routeN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2SU - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2IA - Inter area, EV - BGP EVPN, A - Arp to hostLA - Local aggregate route* - candidate defaultGateway of last resort is no setC3.3.3.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet 0/1C3.3.3.1/32 is local host.C4.4.4.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet 0/0C4.4.4.1/32 is local host.B 192.168.1.1/32 [20/0] via 3.3.3.2, 00:05:55C192.168.2.1/32 is local host.B 192.168.11.1/32 [20/0] via 4.4.4.2, 00:06:46C192.168.12.1/32 is local host.ZB-R#ZB-R#show bgp allFor address family: IPv4 UnicastBGP table version is 15, local router ID is 192.168.12.1Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, best, i - internal,S Stale, b - backup entry, m - multipath, f Filter, a additional-pathOrigin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incompleteNetwork Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path*b192.168.1.1/32 4.4.4.2 0 0 200 100 i* 3.3.3.2 0 188 200 100 i*192.168.2.1/32 0.0.0.0 0 32768 i* 192.168.11.1/32 4.4.4.2 0 199 200 100 i*b 3.3.3.2 0 0 200 100 i*192.168.12.1/32 0.0.0.0 0 32768 iTotal number of prefixes 4ZB-R#注意*为主路由*b为备份路由。五 路由策略配置总结5.1分支路由器配置!ip access-list extended 10110 permit ip host 192.168.2.1 any!ip access-list extended 10210 permit ip host 192.168.12.1 any!route-map 10 permit 10match ip address 101set weight 188!route-map 10 permit 20!route-map 20 permit 10match ip address 102set weight 199!route-map 20 permit 20!router bgp 100bgp log-neighbor-changesbgp graceful-restart restart-time 120bgp graceful-restart stalepath-time 360bgp graceful-restartneighbor 1.1.1.2 remote-as 200neighbor 2.2.2.2 remote-as 200address-family ipv4network 192.168.1.1 mask 255.255.255.255network 192.168.11.1 mask 255.255.255.255neighbor 1.1.1.2 activateneighbor 1.1.1.2 route-map 10 inneighbor 2.2.2.2 activateneighbor 2.2.2.2 route-map 20 inexit-address-family!5.2总部路由器配置!ip access-list extended 10110 permit ip host 192.168.1.1 any!ip access-list extended 10210 permit ip host 192.168.11.1 any!route-map 10 permit 10match ip address 101set weight 188!route-map 10 permit 20!route-map 20 permit 10match ip address 102set weight 199!route-map 20 permit 20!router bgp 300bgp log-neighbor-changesbgp graceful-restart restart-time 120bgp graceful-restart stalepath-time 360bgp graceful-restartneighbor 3.3.3.2 remote-as 200neighbor 4.4.4.2 remote-as 200address-family ipv4network 192.168.2.1 mask 255.255.255.255network 192.168.12.1 mask 255.255.255.255neighbor 3.3.3.2 activateneighbor 3.3.3.2 route-map 10 inneighbor 4.4.4.2 activateneighbor 4.4.4.2 route-map 20 inexit-address-family!