阿里巴巴Java开发手册【推荐】单表行数超过 500 万行或者单表容量超过 2GB才推荐进行分库分表。单表数据量太大 分库不能解决存在瓶颈需要分表。2库4表# 2个库每个库2个表使用user_id进行分库使用order进行分表# 可自行扩展 10库100表100库10000表server-order0t_order0、t_order1server-order1t_order0、t_order1第一个库 server-order0docker run -d \ -p 4310:3306 \ -v /server/order0/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d \ -v /server/order0/data:/var/lib/mysql \ -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD123456 \ --name server-order0 \ mysql:8.0.30#进入容器 docker exec -it server-order0 env LANGC.UTF-8 /bin/bash #进入容器内的mysql命令行 mysql -uroot -p #修改默认密码插件 ALTER USER root% IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 123456;第二个库 server-order1docker run -d \ -p 4311:3306 \ -v /server/order1/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d \ -v /server/order1/data:/var/lib/mysql \ -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD123456 \ --name server-order1 \ mysql:8.0.30#进入容器 docker exec -it server-order1 env LANGC.UTF-8 /bin/bash #进入容器内的mysql命令行 mysql -uroot -p #修改默认密码插件 ALTER USER root% IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 123456;分别建表CREATE DATABASE db_order; USE db_order; CREATE TABLE t_order0 ( id BIGINT, order_no VARCHAR(30), user_id BIGINT, PRIMARY KEY(id) ); CREATE TABLE t_order1 ( id BIGINT, order_no VARCHAR(30), user_id BIGINT, PRIMARY KEY(id) );查看是否创建成功docker exec -it server-order0 bashmysql -uroot -pshow databases;use db_order;show tables;配置文件配置# 默认是 Standalone 不写也行 mode: type: Standalone repository: type: JDBC # 输出sql props: sql-show: true # 哪些数据源 配置好 dataSources: user_ds: dataSourceClassName: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource driverClassName: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver jdbcUrl: jdbc:mysql://localhost:4301/db_user username: root password: 123456 order_ds_0: # 2个订单库 0 dataSourceClassName: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource driverClassName: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver jdbcUrl: jdbc:mysql://localhost:4310/db_order username: root password: 123456 order_ds_1: # 2个订单库 1 dataSourceClassName: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource driverClassName: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver jdbcUrl: jdbc:mysql://localhost:4311/db_order username: root password: 123456 # 水平分片规则 rules: - !SHARDING tables: t_user: actualDataNodes: user_ds.t_user t_order: actualDataNodes: order_ds_${0..1}.t_order${0..1} # 分库、分表 databaseStrategy: # 分库策略 以用户 user_id 字段进行shard standard: shardingColumn: user_id shardingAlgorithmName: userid_inline # 指向下面的 userid_inline 规则 tableStrategy: # 分表策略 以 id雪花算法字段分(不写的话 默认使用分库计算) standard: shardingColumn: id shardingAlgorithmName: order_id_inline shardingAlgorithms: userid_inline: # 制定 分库的算法 user_id type: INLINE props: algorithm-expression: order_ds_${user_id % 2} order_id_inline: # 制定 分表的策略 order_id type: INLINE props: algorithm-expression: t_order${id % 2}