Demo说明基类 派生类虚析构boost serialization 侵入式serialize放在private保留标准friend演示普通成员、enum class处理、继承序列化base_object演示二进制存档保存/加载注意enum classboost不原生支持示例用强转底层整数方案编译依赖boost‑serialization库头文件serialization/access.hpp、base_object.hpp、binary_oarchive、binary_iarchive、serialization/string.hpp⚠️本demo为非DLL版本DLL导出类需要额外BOOST_CLASS_EXPORT处理多态指针实例化。#include iostream #include fstream #include string #include boost/serialization/access.hpp #include boost/serialization/base_object.hpp #include boost/serialization/string.hpp #include boost/archive/binary_oarchive.hpp #include boost/archive/binary_iarchive.hpp // 强类型枚举 enum class FileLevel { BUILT_IN 0, USER_LEVEL 1 }; enum class StructureType { RIB 0, TRUSS 1 }; // 基类 class Base { public: StructureType m_structType{}; std::string m_rootName; FileLevel m_level{}; public: Base() default; virtual ~Base() default; //虚析构支持多态 virtual void Print() const { std::cout Base: structType (int)m_structType rootName m_rootName level (int)m_level std::endl; } private: friend class boost::serialization::access; templateclass Archive void serialize(Archive ar, const unsigned int /*version*/) { // enum class 转底层unsigned int序列化 unsigned int st static_castunsigned int(m_structType); ar st; m_structType static_castStructureType(st); ar m_rootName; unsigned int lv static_castunsigned int(m_level); ar lv; m_level static_castFileLevel(lv); } }; BOOST_CLASS_VERSION(Base, 0) // 派生类 class Derived : public Base { public: std::string m_material; double m_dis{0.0}; public: Derived() default; ~Derived() override default; void Print() const override { Base::Print(); std::cout Derived: material m_material dis m_dis std::endl; } private: friend class boost::serialization::access; templateclass Archive void serialize(Archive ar, const unsigned int /*version*/) { // ✅关键序列化基类子对象不要手动复制基类成员 ar boost::serialization::base_objectBase(*this); // 只序列化派生类新增成员 ar m_material; ar m_dis; } }; BOOST_CLASS_VERSION(Derived, 0) // 测试函数保存对象到文件 void SaveToFile(const std::string filePath, const Derived obj) { std::ofstream ofs(filePath, std::ios::binary); boost::archive::binary_oarchive oa(ofs); oa obj; } // 测试函数从文件加载对象 void LoadFromFile(const std::string filePath, Derived outObj) { std::ifstream ifs(filePath, std::ios::binary); boost::archive::binary_iarchive ia(ifs); ia outObj; } // main 测试入口 int main() { // 1.构造原始对象 Derived src; src.m_structType StructureType::RIB; src.m_rootName RibTemplate‑01; src.m_level FileLevel::USER_LEVEL; src.m_material Q355; src.m_dis 125.5; std::cout 原始对象 std::endl; src.Print(); // 2.序列化保存 const std::string file test_boost.bin; SaveToFile(file, src); // 3.反序列化加载 Derived dst; LoadFromFile(file, dst); std::cout \n反序列化读出对象 std::endl; dst.Print(); return 0; }关键点说明继承序列化核心ar boost::serialization::base_objectBase(*this);不要手动写基类成员变量交给基类serialize完成头文件必须#include boost/serialization/base_object.hppenum class处理boost不支持强类型enum class临时方案读写时转底层unsigned int。工程上可以封装一个通用工具宏/函数统一处理enum class序列化避免到处写static_cast。serialize放在private:friend boost::serialization::access;必须写外部不能直接调用serialize封装干净符合boost官方推荐范式。保存binary_oarchive/ 加载binary_iarchiveoa obj等价oa obj。BOOST_CLASS_VERSION(ClassName, ver)设置类版本号后续字段新增version1serialize内部通过if(version N)做向前兼容。扩展多态基类指针序列化你项目真实场景如果你存的是std::unique_ptrBase指向派生类实例需要增加宏否则反序列化识别不到派生类型#include boost/serialization/export.hpp BOOST_CLASS_EXPORT(Derived);DLL导出类场景要用BOOST_CLASS_EXPORT_GUID并且在cpp显式实例化archive模板否则报LNK无法解析外部符号。如果你想换成XML存档#include boost/archive/xml_oarchive.hpp #include boost/archive/xml_iarchive.hpp boost::archive::xml_oarchive oa(ofs); oa BOOST_SERIALIZATION_NVP(obj);编译命令参考(gcc)g main.cpp -o demo -lboost_serialization如果你需要我可以再写一份适配你项目风格的enum class序列化工具函数消除到处写static_cast。